Contents
Page
Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
I. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
A. Mandate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
B. Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Somalia
II. Context: description of the security-related environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
III. Acts that threaten the peace, security and stability of Somalia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
A. Harakaat al-Shabaab al-Mujaahidiin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
B. Al-Shabaab as a regional and international threat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
C. Human smuggling networks exploited by Al-Shabaab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
D. Al-Shabaab finances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
E. Sool Sanaag Cayn Army. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
F. Piracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
IV. Violations of the general and complete arms embargo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
A. Bakaara arms market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
B. Diversion of arms and ammunition from the Transitional Federal Government and
affiliated militia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
C. Improvised explosive devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
D. Arms deliveries by air. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
E. Man-portable air defence systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
F. Ethiopian assistance, operations and presence in Somalia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
G. Private security companies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
H. Private maritime security companies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
I. Non-compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
V. Obstruction of humanitarian assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
A. Operational environment for humanitarian activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
B. Denial of access by Al-Shabaab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
C. Obstruction of access by other actors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
D. Past misappropriation of aid resources and corrective measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Read the full Report
One Stop shop for Daily Digest - News, Views and analysis of the political developments of the Horn of Africa. Now you can follow by email alerts situated at the bottom. Please feel free to forward any item of interest - it is your blog too (Make it your Home Page)
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
Why cows may be hiding something but AI can spot it
By Chris Baraniuk Technology of Business reporter Published 22 hours ago Share IMAGE SOURCE, GETTY IMAGES Image caption, Herd animals like...
-
Wednesday, November 14, 2012 By Jonathan Kalan Kasim moves swiftly around the machine. Like a dancer, he has style, a unique way of p...
-
Washington, DC – Last month, President Sheik Sharif Ahmed appointed Mr. Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, a Somali¬American dual citizen, as the ne...
No comments:
Post a Comment